While literacy ratio rose from 55.08 per cent in 1961 to 93.91 in 2011, Gujarat managed to elevate the ratio from 39.33 per cent to 79.31 per cent. This has made Kerala to have highest rating among all states on Human Development Index. How is the Kerala model  markedly different from the conventional development thinking ? Designed by brilliancetechnologies, It  is a model of development based on the practices adopted in the state of Kerala. Although Kerala Model and Gujarat  Model are contradictory to each other, both are inevitable models of the country. As per the National Human Development Report of India, which of the following India states ranked top in the list of consumption based HDI for the year 2014-15? Kerala PSC prelims. The biggest paradox in the Kerala-Gujarat Models can be seen in unemployment and poverty. Kerala Police Act Amendment & Free Speech Archives Topic: General Studies 2: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation In News: The government of Kerala has put on hold … Ans: the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). But Kerala has really done well in improving its per capita NSDP. The underlying logic was that growth and industrial development will play a bigger role in reducing poverty. While preparing for the UPSC Exam, Economic Planning should be approached in a systematic manner. The Kerala model of development refers to the practices adopted in the state of Kerala, India. What are Special Purpose Vehicles … We show in our book, “India’s Tryst with Destiny,” that it is ultimately the Gujarat Model that has delivered … Kerala  has performed  positively in terms of social indicators but economy has been in disarray, as it is ranked among bottom half of the country.The Kerala Model distinguished all over the world. Gujarat though lies extremely below Kerala, lies a little above the national average in all major health indicators. In a broad sense, the Gujarat model privileges growth and infrastructure development. Community Policing for Students, adopting Student Police Cadet model of Kerala which is a school-based youth development initiative that trains high school students by inculcating in them respect for law, discipline, civic sense, empathy for vulnerable sections of … But, the Kudumbashree model works with a socially representative leadership. While Kerala and Gujarat are above the national rate in case of suicide  rate, it’s only Kerala which stands behind India in cases of unemployment rate and, crime rate against women and children. Kerala Model of Development took on the theory that economic growth is the only way to meet basic needs of people in poverty, to raise them above poverty, and generate employment. These achievements along with the factors responsible for such achievements have been considered characteristic results of the Kerala model. Both the models are entirely dissimilar in terms of approach  to development. The article discusses the themes of the post-covid world which will be somewhat more aware and mindful of the dangers of global dimension. Though Kerala ranked first in case of low poverty ratio,  Gujarat is at 14th among Indian states with a higher 16.63 per cent but lower than the national  ratio of 21.92 per cent as per Tendulkar Methodology. Gujarat state economy in terms of NSDP at current price has been much larger  than Kerala economy for decades with about one  time high.Although Kerala’s GSDP at current price  is far below to Gujarat especially since economic reforms initiated in nineties, Kerala is just below to  Gujarat in the case of per capita NSDP at current prices. Biggest paradox in these models of development is the highest unemployment rate in Kerala with lowest poverty ratio and lowest unemployment rate in Gujarat with higher poverty ratio.Even though these two transverse models lead or trail in transverse indicators of development, lead the national average mostly. In fact, Growing inequality is a great challenge of Kerala model development. The Linguistic Reorganization Committee, which recommended the reorganization of India's states based on the majority's common language, created modern Kerala … Kerala’s model has essentially emphasised on the development of health and education and thus laying a strong foundation for sustained long-run development. © 2018 brilliancecollege.com The most interesting fact about the Kerala model development is that, it has achieved higher standard of living with lower per capita income. It depicts obviously the real picture of under-developed India which consists of BIMARU states which are flagrant for deplorable performance in many indicators.However, Gujarat and Kerala are even below the national average in some indicators. Which has become one of the most influential and widely used indices to compare human development across countries,that  gave Kerala Model an international recognition. They suggest that Kerala's high social indicators have much less to do with the so-called Kerala model, and more to do with global … (World development vol.29, no ², pp.601-617,2001 The new kerala model: lessons for sustainable development rene veron). Kerala has been hailed as a model of development for having achieved a status fulfilling all the parameters of social well-being comparable to those of the developed countries of the world. Similarly, Gujarat is the state with the lowest unemployment in the country, it ranked mere 14th among the states in 2011-12.This is not the most notable issue in the paradox of Kerala Model. As such the Kerala Model vs. Gujarat Model debate is a longstanding one. At the same time, India’s national index is 73.88 even lower than Gujarat. As far as a  national economy  is concerned, it is  important to derive and  prioritize the good aspects  of the two models.Theoretical and  empirical evidences suggest that there is a positive relationship between economic growth  and social development. It is reinforced by the Human Development Index (HDI)  position of Gujarat. This ‘Made in Kerala’ model can be implemented across India, if it is done with the same secular and gender-sensitive spirit. Kerala is more developed than Bihar because of human capital. Bhagwati described the Gujarat model as a metaphor for a primarily growth and private entrepreneurship driven development and the Kerala model for a primarily redistribution and state-driven development. Characterized strong social indicators such as education, healthcare, high life expectancy, low infant mortality and low birth rate, often at levels comparable to developed countries despite having a … The betterment of Kerala in per capita NSDP shows its inclusive nature of development while that of Gujarat is more exclusive as its phenomenal economic growth in the current decades has never been accompanied by respective growth of per capita NSDP. Gujarat with the commendable share of 11.34 per cent was able  to diversify its power generation capacity to renewable resources such as wind, tidal and solar energy while mere 1.24 per cent of Kerala’s installed capacity was from it. Learn the key findings of human development report 2019 for UPSC preparation. `KERALA MODEL’ OF DEVELOPMENT TABLE1 Infant mortality rate (per 1000) Year Kerala India 1951 128 140 1961 94 129 1971 61 114 1981 34 110 1991 16.5a 91 … Brilliance College, SS Kovil Road, Thampanoor, Trivandrum - 01. The Bhagwati-Panagariya duo argues that whatever Kerala had achieved was thanks to a growth-oriented approach. In Gujarat, both gender disparity in unemployment and unemployment rate are minimum in the country. The Planning Commission’s top down model of development had become redundant due to present economic conditions and NITI Aayog approaches economic planning in a consultative manner with input from various state governments and think tanks. Contribution of the primary sector of Kerala declined sharply from 33.1 per cent in 1993-94 to mere 12.9 per cent in 2013-14. Discuss. Literacy While Kerala is at first among Indian states and union territories in adult literacy with 93.91 per cent, Gujarat is far behind at 18th with 79.31 per cent but well above the national average of 74 per cent. Infrastructure development for sustained growth Power Sector Gujarat is clearly the power house of India with 16 per cent of India’s installed capacity while  that of Kerala is nominal with mere one per cent in 2015. Part of: GS Prelims and GS-II- Federalism; GS-III- Sustainable Development In News. 42.63. “Kerala Model” in our book is a metaphor for a primarily redistribution and statedriven development while “Gujarat Model” is the metaphor for a primarily growth and private-entrepreneurship driven development. The NSSO report shows that Kerala has  highest gender disparity in unemployment with 232 females per 1000 are unemployed as per usual status in 2016-17 while 41 males are also unemployed. The ‘Kerala model’ of development has been celebrated in the developmental discourses, especially in the education and health sectors. Gujarat, a high-income state in the country is a step ahead to Kerala in income per capita. As is well-known, right from the 60s and 70s, the United Nations and international development agencies have praised the Kerala model of development. Development processes and the development industry - the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders. Human Development Report: HDR 2020 is yet to be published by UNDP. Mock questions on Investment Models for UPSC Mains. Kerala Model praised on women centered development shown by female-dominated sex ratio, enrolment in higher education and life expectancy comparable to developed countries is entirely set down in ensuring safety to its mother community. Another decade down the road, the Millennium Development Goals, embracing many of the Kerala Model's features — with the notable omission of land reforms — became the new charter of development. Shortage of power is the prime obstacle in starting new industrial units in Kerala. KAS exam results. Brilliance College : Online Coaching Class [Buy Now] cover the subject : Kerala Model of Development in an extensive manner. It is a model of development based on the practices adopted in the state of Kerala It is characterized by achievements in social indicators such as education, healthcare, high life expectancy, low infant mortality and low birth rate, by the creation of productive social infrastructure rather than materialistic infrastructure. Plot No A P.127, AF Block, 6th Street, Ans: the Human Development Index (HDI ) by , the United Nations from 1990. Who said this "Though Kerala is mostly a land of paddy-covered plains, statistically Kerala stands out as the Mount Everest of social development; there's truly no place like it. Obviously, both models are different approaches to development. Women & child care statistics released by National Crime Records Bureau  (NCRB) shows that encroachment and incursion on women is common in India. Amartya Sen had upheld what he calls the “Kerala experience” —  high social spending resulting in growth — as a role model for other states to follow. Regional News Sector-wise  Analysis of Kerala-Gujarat  Models of Development Economic Sector Development: The investments and incentives in economic sectors like industries and agriculture are required  for the development in economic sectors. Kerala began with a huge advantage in literacy over the rest of the country at independence. The capability approach brings in various factors, including individual freedoms, which were excluded from welfare economics earlier. Some achievements of Cyberdome. Believes in bottom-up development + decentralised planning and development; Amartya Sen and Jean Drez- supported Kerala Model of Development. UPSC prelims. Kerala model is primarily about redistribution and state-driven development. Cyberdome is a technological research and development centre of Kerala Police Department, conceived as a cyber centre of excellence in cybersecurity, as well as technology augmentation for effective policing. Recruitment and examination schedules conducted by the organization. KERALA, MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT Modern Kerala formally emerged as a constituent state of the Indian Union on 1 November 1956, comprising three regions: Travancore, Cochin, and Malabar. Critically evaluate, CSE General Studies Prelims 2019 – Answer Key with Explanation, Exclusive Prelims Batch starts on November 4th 2019. BRILLIANCE COLLEGE is the best coaching center for competitive examinations in Kerala. The discussions are on which model of development that India should follow. Candidates who get coaching from this institution, finds the top ranks in the exams conducted by Kerala Public Service Commission, SSC, UPSC, and Bank Examinations. Last Updated: 10th January, 2021 20:56 IST MP Govt To Adopt Kerala's Responsible Tourism Mission Model Taking a cue from Keralas successful responsible tourism (RT) mission, Madhya Pradesh government has expressed interest to implement the model, aimed at development of village and local communities, eradicating poverty and giving emphasis to women empowerment. The Kerala model, on the other hand, privileged a rights-based approach to development … In short, Kerala model development is one of the most discussing models of economic development and growth. . For more questions on the topic of Kerala Model of Development refer Brilliance College : KAS Rank File. One can examine a dozen or more indicators to establish that Kerala’s achievements in the field of human development are way above the rest.” They are: Maharajas. All Rights Reserved, The Kerala model is as much about growth creating better human development numbers. It puts threat over sustainability of the famed inclusive growth model of Kerala. Which UN Vision document embracing many of the Kerala Model's features – with the notable omission of land reforms ? Believes in bottom-up development + decentralised planning and development. Who makes  Human Development Index  (HDIs), Ans: United Nations Development Programme ( UNDP ). Unlike Gujarat, Kerala economy really suffered from diminishing share of agriculture and stagnant share of industries. Kerala’s model has been by eleven ‘M’s. Delhi’s AAP government has adopted a people-centric model … Brilliance College : High Power Coaching Class cover the subject : Kerala Model of Development. The Kerala model, on the other hand, privileged a rights-based approach to development with a strong emphasis on social and human development. Bhagwati was a strong votary of the Gujarat model and Sen, the Kerala model. The Centre for Development Studies is situated at…………. The state of Gujarat is one of the highly industrialized states in India with its reputation of being a highly investor-friendly state.On  the other side, though Kerala economy struggled hard to recover from its chronic industrial backwardness, even economic reforms have never helped the state to flourish investment and industrial production. NITI Aayog has released its latest SDG India Index 2019, which assesses each state and Union Territory’s achievement on 16 sustainable development goals (SDG). Amartya Sen and Jean Drez- supported Kerala Model of Development. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Kerala is in the top slot. While Kerala has advantage in  some sectors, Gujarat has advantage in some other sectors. However, the economic development has not been necessarily accompanied  adequately by social development, especially in the case of Gujarat. Both social and human capital is the pivot for regional development. Ans : Conventional development thinking focusses on achieving high GDP growth not on the development of social indicators. While Kerala  is the state with lowest poverty ratio in the country, it is amongst the states with highest unemployment rate of 98 per 1000. Kerala has a long history of social sector development, which predates the coinage of the ‘Kerala Model of Development’ in the 1970s. The basic plan is to have a common screening test for all jobs that require similar qualification, which will considerably whittle down the number of.Kerala PSC exam. Sen had proposed a multidimensional  approach to measuring poverty than based on consumption alone. Kerala has achieved material conditions of living, reflected in indicators of social development comparable to those of developed countries, even though the state's per capita income is moderate. Even though half of Kerala’s working population also resort to agriculture and allied activities, Kerala agriculture suffers from serious drawbacks. Gujarat’s process and progress in agricultural and industrial sectors have really erected it to the top income generating states. Both Kerala and Gujarat gained 40 per cent rise in adult literacy in 50 years from 1961 to 2011. Home 9.1 Kerala Model Development. India’s private-led overseas investment model has lessons for China. and the State has been well ahead of the rest of the country, matching China in its Human Development Indicators in education, health, and women’s inclusion. 9.1 Kerala Model Development. While crime rate in Kerala is clearly above the national rate 52.24, Gujarat’s crime rate is clearly below that. The economic theory of development, The economic theory of development upsc, The economic theory of development of regional imbalance,Regional imbalance Theories, Target UPSC and UP PCS. Anna Nagar, Chennai - 600 040, Copyright ©2019 Kamaraj IAS Academy. Kerala’s development and achievements on social front has been lauded in both national  and international circles. At that, Kerala which is blessed with top standard social indicators trails by high crime rate  against women and children and suicide rate. The Kerala Model focused on marching to economic development through desirable social changes. Brilliance College : KAS Online Coaching Class Helpline : 9746316263. Kerala model is primarily about redistribution and state-driven development. Starting with decent figures Kerala gets at the stage of exquisite maturity in health and education while Gujarat starts from a lower level and pass by better standards of health and education, Our Office The progress made in the realm of education, health and gender development have been noteworthy. Decent and constant share of these sectors to GSDP of Gujarat economy demarcated it from Kerala. PDF | Daily KAS Mentor Current Affairs -KERALA MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT,NISHTHA,SARAL About us KAS Mentor is an Institute aimed at providing high-end Quality Education to help our students achieve their dreams of cracking the Kerala administrative services examination with flying colours. Brilliance College : KAS High Power Coaching class Helpline :9746316263. Final PSC rank list.Kerala News. While Gujarat Model is weak on education-health standards  even though improving, Kerala Model made the globally comparable outcomes in it at the backing of poor economic standards. He also developed the capability approach, along with the likes of Nussbaum, a  concept that inspired the creation of the UN’s Human Development Index. It is characterized by achievements in social indicators such as education, healthcare, high life expectancy, low infant mortality and low birth rate, by the creation of productive social infrastructure rather than materialistic infrastructure. 9. Kerala Model of development. KERALA, MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT. In a broad sense, the Gujarat model privileges growth and infrastructure development. PRE-GET Prelims 2020 Online Test Series starts on Nov 24 2019 !. Historically, the rulers of Kerala, namely, rulers of Travancore and Cochin had an enlightened outlook towards health and education of their subjects. Kerala Model focused on marching to economic  development through desirable social changes while Gujarat Model tries to  bag desirable social changes through sound economic anchor.Both models  have many accomplishments and impairments. Gujarat’s success story & Kerala’s painful experienceGujarat  is an industrially sound state unlike Kerala with the large inflow of investment and abundance  of entrepreneurs. Kerala Model of development. This secular composition acts as a facilitator for the secularisation of public spaces. Download human development report notes PDF for the IAS Exam. Crime rate against women in Kerala is 62.43 in 2013  while that of Gujarat is lower i.e. The PVTGs are the marginalized section of the Scheduled tribes of India. 42.63. Gujarat can be seen only as a “growth model”, while Kerala’s model is “human development-led growth”. The underlying logic was that growth and industrial development will play a bigger role in reducing poverty. Context: John Allen Chau, an American national who secretly landed on North Sentinel Island, was allegedly killed by people belonging to the protected Sentinelese tribe (a PVTG) in November 2018 Who are Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups(PVTGs)? From UPSC perspective, the following things are important : Prelims level : Not much. Kerala ranks first in India in all major health indicators such as life expectancy at birth (total, male and female), infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, fertility rate and birth rate. Crime rate against women in Kerala is 62.43 in 2013 while that of Gujarat is lower i.e. Kerala Model of Development. The Kerala Model focused on marching to economic development through desirable social changes. Compare Gujarat model of development with Kerala model of development. a. Gujarat b. Kerala … Which of the following  is TRUE about the Kerala model of development ? Kerala Model praised on women centered development shown by female-dominated sex ratio, enrolment in higher education and life expectancy comparable to developed countries is entirely set down in ensuring safety to its mother community. Conclusion. 11th Main Road, Shanthi Colony, Physical quality of life index (PQLI) of Kerala which measures only major social development indicators such as literacy, life expectancy and infant mortality is highest in India with 92.64 in 2013 while it is mere 77.1 in Gujarat. The life expectancy of Kerala which is 74.8 years in 2013  is much better than that of Gujarat and India where it is 68.2 and 67.5 respectively and very much comparable to that of the US  which is 77. Though  Gujarat was able to maintain a pretty balanced sector-wise development over a period of two decades with about one-fourth of state income comes from agriculture and allied sectors and one-third from the industrial sector, Kerala agriculture witnessed significant breakup. More than one third of the state income of Gujarat come from industrial sector. In fact the growth of these two states in literacy in the same period are less to India which has managed to lift the ratio from mere 12.95 per cent to 74.04 by gaining 61 per cent. Local, participative governance has been a distinction of Kerala’s model. Gujarat’s sustained growth & Kerala’s declining share agriculture and allied sector plays an important role in the State economy. ... Public Administration Daily Answer Writing Challenge For UPSC 2020. ; A score of 100 implies that the state/ UT has achieved targets set for 2030 Poverty & unemployment. By implication, it means that if Gujarat continues to grow faster, the social indicators will change here too. He is of the view that the  Gujarat development model suffered from weaknesses on the social side and could not be considered a success. Mains level : Paper 3- Post-covid development model. States of Kerala and Gujarat are more or less ahead of   national average in various socioeconomic indicators of development. So they concentrated much on the human resource development. Criticism of the Kerala Model has been based on its several failures. UPSC Bridge; Sahapaadi – Degree Level PSC Class ... Daily Reading Materials; Daily News to Read + Free Resources; Contact; 9.1 Kerala Model Development. The state achieved total literacy almost two decades back. 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